Publications

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New National Report Offers First Comprehensive Look at Mandarin Immersion Programs in PreK-12 Schools in the United States

• A national survey has produced the first large-scale snapshot of PreK-12 Mandarin immersion programs in the United States, providing detailed information and insights from across the country. 
• Developed over the course of 2025, the study captured responses from 102 programs in 22 states plus Washington, D.C. As of December 2025, the total number of students enrolled in these programs was 34,341, and the total number of Mandarin immersion teachers surveyed was 1,092. 
• The main report is supplemented with a comprehensive list of Mandarin Immersion Programs throughout the United States in 2025. The report will enable school leaders, teachers, parents, community members, and policymakers to deepen their understanding of how to design, implement, enhance, and advocate for Mandarin immersion programs. They can also use the list of programs to locate Mandarin immersion programs in local communities and plan to establish new ones in the future.
• The report authors, Dr. Shuhan Wang and Dr. Jiahang Li, said, “The report collected invaluable information and resources, and identified significant trends, which shed light on why Mandarin immersion education works, and what factors are critical to the programs. What’s exciting is that many programs self-reported their students’ academic achievements. The data showed that Mandarin immersion education is an innovative approach to education in general, not just language education. We will continue our efforts in researching and documenting Mandarin immersion programs.”
• Download the Report and MIP List below.